A cut or a tear in the thin, fragile lining of your anus is known as an anal fissure.

The anal sphincter, a muscle surrounding the anus, is frequently exposed by the tear. The injury may force that muscle to contract, further separating the margins of the fissure. Spasms have the potential to hurt and delay healing. Additionally, bowel movements can prevent the fissures from healing.

Acute anal fissures are those that have occurred lately or that have been present for less than six weeks. If it has persisted for more than six weeks or recurs frequently, it is regarded as chronic.

How Do Anal Fissures Occur?

Although you might believe the pain and bleeding are signs of other problems, such as haemorrhoids, these tears are relatively frequent. Both men and women can experience them. Babies may also experience them.

Most adults between the ages of 20 and 40 are susceptible. However, even though your risk decreases typically as you age, you can still get them.

Anal fissures are more frequently observed with specific medical problems, including Complications from other disorders, such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, leukaemia, STDs, and HIV.

Why Do People Get Anal Fissures again and again?

Your anal canal has been stretched by trauma or injury, which causes them. Some causes for this might be:

passing a lot of or difficult-to-pass stools

Constant or explosive diarrhoea Childbirth

Less frequently, overstretching the skin when having anal sex or inserting objects into your anus might result in a fissure.

Your anus may develop and heal poorly due to excessive pressure, tight anal sphincter muscles, and insufficient blood flow.

Anal fissures rarely progress to more severe issues. They do not bring on cancer. However, they can feel really awkward.

The majority of the time, this skin damage heals swiftly and without any issues. However, some individuals appear to have a tone

(pressure) of the muscle around the anus higher than normal (the anal sphincter). It feels “tighter” than usual in the muscle.

It is believed that this higher tone may decrease the anus’ blood flow, which would impede skin healing. An anal fissure may form as a result. Once a fissure has formed, discomfort while urinating might make it worse by raising the anal tone. This exacerbates the discomfort, leading to increased muscle tone and a slower recovery time.

How Can Anal Fissures Be Avoided?

Follow these easy instructions to prevent acquiring fissure surgery if you already have one.

Increase Fibre Consumption

An anal fissure might develop if you pass large, hard, or dry faeces when you’re constipated. However, eating a diet high in fibre, particularly fruits and vegetables, can help prevent constipation.

Every day, consume 20 to 35 grammes of fibre. Among the foods that are good sources include:

Grain bran

Avena bran

Whole grains, such as whole-grain pasta, cereals, bread, oatmeal, popcorn, and brown rice

legumes and peas Nuts and seeds Tangerine fruits

Fruit and juice from prunes

If your diet isn’t providing you with enough fibre, consider taking supplements.

Increase your consumption gradually until you notice softer, more frequent bowel motions, whether you eat more fibre-rich foods or use supplements. Additionally, hydrate yourself well when you consume more fibre. You can avoid bloating and gas by doing this.

Remain Hydrated

That may be able to assist you in avoiding constipation. Adding fluid to your system through frequent hydration might help soften and ease faeces’ passage. Be sure to drink more when the weather becomes warmer or as you become more physically active.

Not all beverages are recommended for hydration. Alcoholism can cause dehydration. Additionally, even though a caffeinated beverage may aid in urination, consuming too much caffeine can cause you to become dehydrated.

Exercise

Lack of exercise is one of the most frequent reasons for constipation. Exercise for at least 30 minutes most days to keep your digestive system healthy and to move. Aim for 150 or more weekly minutes.

Don’t resist the temptation to leave. Don’t wait until later if your body signals that a bowel movement is necessary. The signals telling you when it’s time to leave can weaken if you wait too long or too frequently. It can become dryer, and harder the longer you hold it in, making it harder to pass.

Maintain Wholesome Bowel Habits to Avoid Fissure Surgery

Constipation and anal canal stress can be reduced with these suggestions. To lessen your chance of developing a painful anal fissure, monitor these behaviours frequently:

Give yourself ample time to perform bowel movements when using the restroom easily. However, avoid staying too long on the toilet.

While passing stools, avoid straining.

Dry off the anal region.

Cleanse yourself gently after every bowel movement.

Use toilet paper or wipes that are soft, unscented, and free of dye.

If you have persistent diarrhoea, get help.

Conclusion

If the fissure does not heal or recurs, fissure surgery may be a possibility. The procedure is typically to make a little cut in the muscle surrounding the anus (internal sphincterotomy). 

As a result, the tone (pressure) around the anus is permanently reduced, which promotes the healing of the fissure. This is a minor procedure typically performed as day surgery (you will not usually have to stay overnight in the hospital). Surgery has a very high success rate. Contact the experts at BLK Max or the Max Nanavati for further medical guidance.

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